بررسی نقش خوشه‌ها و عوامل مؤثر بر آنها در تحقق اقتصاد دانش‌بنیان (مطالعه موردی: نقش خوشه فناوری اطلاعات و ارتباطات)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه اقتصاد، دانشکده علوم اجتماعی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران

2 استادیار گروه اقتصاد، دانشکده علوم اجتماعی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران

10.22034/aimj.2021.140442

چکیده

امروزه، دستیابی به رشد و توسعه پایدار در سایه تحقق اقتصاد دانش‎بنیان میسر است. شناسایی و کاربرد دانش و نوآوری، از عوامل کلیدی موفقیت در این الگو محسوب می‎شود. یکی از ابزارهای پیشران در تسریع رشد و توسعه دانش‎بنیان، خوشه‌ها هستند. خوشه‌ها با فراهم کردن بستر مناسبی برای تولید دانش ضمنی‌، زمینه‎ای برای خلق نوآوری و فناوری و در نتیجه، تحقق اقتصاد دانش‎بنیان به وجود می‌آورند. در این مقاله، با برگزیدن خوشه فناوری اطلاعات، تلاش شده است تا ضمن تبیین جایگاه دانش ضمنی و نوآوری در این خوشه، در کنار بررسی عوامل تأثیرگذار بر توسعه خوشه فناوری اطلاعات، به تشریح رابطه میان خوشه‌ها و اقتصاد دانش‎بنیان پرداخته شود. سیزده کشور اروپایی در این پژوهش بررسی شده  است. به‌منظور مدل‌سازی از روش DOLS و FMOLS برای داده‌های پانل استفاده شده است. شاخص‌های مخارج پژوهش و توسعه، مخارج آموزش، صادرات کالا در حوزه فناوری اطلاعات و ارتباطات و همچنین تعداد بنگاه‌های فعال در خوشه ICT (به‎عنوان شاخص خوشه ICT) شاخص‌های بررسی‎شده هستند. نتایج این پژوهش نشان می‌دهد که شاخص‌های مهم و تأثیرگذار اقتصاد دانش‌بنیان با شاخص خوشه‌ها، رابطه مثبت و معناداری دارند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating the Role of Clusters and the Factors Affecting Them in the Realization of Knowledge-Based Economy (A Case of Study: The Role of Information and Communication Technology Cluste)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Asrin Rahmani 1
  • Seyed Mohamad Bagher Najafi 2
  • Mohamad Sharif Karimi 2

1 Ph.D. Candidate, Department of Economics, Faculty of Sciences, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran

2 Assistant Prof., Department of Economics, Faculty of Sciences, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran

چکیده [English]

Today, achieving sustainable growth and development is possible through the realizing knowledge-based economy. One of the key factors for success in this model is the identification and application of knowledge and innovation. Clusters are one of the tools for accelerating the growth and sustainable development of knowledge base. By providing a good platform for the production of tacit knowledge, clusters create the groundwork for innovation and technology creation, and thus realizing a knowledge-based economy. This article selects the information technology cluster and tries to explain the position of tacit knowledge and innovation in this cluster, examining the factors affecting the development of knowledge-based information technology, in addition to explain the relationship between clusters and knowledge-based economy. The countries studied in this article are thirteen European countries. For modeling, DOLS and FMOLS methods have been used for panel data. The indicators of research and development expenditures, education expenditures, exports of goods in the field of information and communication technology, as well as the number of firms active in the ICT cluster (as an ICT cluster index) are the indicators examined. The results of this study indicate that the important and influential indicators of knowledge-based economy have a positive and significant relationship with the index of clusters.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Knowledge based economy
  • Knowledge
  • Innovation
  • Panel Data
  • Information and Communication Technology
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  • تاریخ دریافت: 08 اسفند 1399
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 26 شهریور 1400
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 01 آبان 1400